Gum Disease (Periodontal Disease)

Periodontal disease (gum disease) affects the gums, bone and other supporting tissues of the teeth. It is caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria which regularly collects on the teeth. However, certain individuals are more susceptible to periodontal disease than others due to risk factors, for example, a genetic predisposition, smoking and diabetes.

You can prevent gum disease by:

• Keeping Your Teeth Healthy
• Brush with a soft brush twice a day.
• Floss daily to clean the areas between the teeth.
• Visit a dental clinic regularly for check-ups and cleaning.
• Inform your dentist of any change in the condition of your gums

Symptoms of Gum Disease

In the early stage of periodontal disease individuals may suffer from red, swollen gums which bleed easiy (gingivitis). However, in susceptible individuals this may develop into the more advanced stages of teh disease resulting in bone loss, pocketing, loose teeth and gum recession (periodontitis). Periodontal disease tends to be painless and, therefore, individuals may be unaware that they have the disease. If periodontal disease is left untreated it may lead to tooth loss. Early detection of periodontal disease is critical for the prevention of disease progression. This is achieved through periodic dental check-ups with your dentist.

Treatment of Gum Disease

The treatment of periodontal disease is aimed at the removal of the disease-causing bacteria to prevent disease progresssion. This is managed by plaque control instruction specific to an individual's needs followed by professional cleaning of the diseased sites. In some individuals periodontal surgery may be indicated to provide better access for cleaning of the tooth surfaces or pocket reduction. Treatment is managed by your dentist who may advise referral to the Dental Hygienist for basic treatment or the Periodontist for more advanced treatment.